Essential Guide to Feeding Pullets for Optimal Egg Production
Feeding pullets is crucial for ensuring their healthy growth and future egg production. The nutritional requirements of pullets vary significantly depending on their growth stage. Inadequate nutrition can delay egg laying, reduce egg size, and cause various health issues. This article outlines a comprehensive feeding strategy for pullets at different growth stages.
0-6 Weeks: Early Development
During the first six weeks, pullets grow rapidly and require a high-protein, high-energy diet. A proper balance of protein and energy is vital for their development.
- Protein: Essential for building bones, muscles, organs, and feathers, as well as for developing a robust immune system.
- Energy: Derived from carbohydrates and fats, it fuels daily activities; hence, energy intake needs to be balanced to prevent stunted growth.
A chick starter ration with 18-20% protein is ideal during this phase. Each feed brand should provide a feeding program to guide you further.
6-14 Weeks: Maintaining Healthy Growth
As pullets transition to the next growth phase, a reduction in both protein and energy is necessary. This stage ensures that they do not accumulate excessive fat. A pullet grower ration containing 16-18% protein should be introduced.
If a separate grower ration is unavailable, an all-purpose starter/grower can continue to be fed, or you can supplement with grains like oats to balance energy and protein levels.
14-20 Weeks: Preparing for Egg Production
In this stage, the reproductive system of pullets matures, and any rapid weight gain could lead to unhealthy fat levels. A pullet developer ration of 14-16% protein is recommended to maintain healthy weight.
Similar to previous stages, if a specific developer ration isn’t available, you can either continue with the starter/grower feed or add more grains based on the feeding algorithm known as the Pearson’s Square.
20+ Weeks: Transition to Layer Feed
As pullets approach sexual maturity, it’s critical to switch to a layer ration containing higher calcium levels. This transition should happen around two weeks before the first egg is laid, as calcium is necessary for strong eggshell formation.
Layer feed generally contains 16-18% protein but always provide a calcium supplement, such as crushed oyster shell, to cater to varying individual needs. Remember, feeding layer ration too early can result in severe health issues, so wait for the first eggs before making this switch.
Adjusting Rations: A Flexible Approach
While commercial farms often adjust diets based on body weight, backyard flock owners may find age simpler to track. When changing feed, do so gradually to prevent digestive issues. A recommended method is to mix equal parts of the old and new feed for about a week before fully transitioning.
Helpful Resources
For more insights and practical advice, visit Cackle Hatchery.
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