Emerging Threat of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella in Poultry
A recent genomic analysis has uncovered significant concerns regarding the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella strains within the poultry supply chain. This study, published in Scientific Reports, indicates that these resistant strains pose an ongoing threat to public health.
Study Overview
Researchers from North Carolina State University analyzed antimicrobial susceptibility and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 132 Salmonella enterica isolates collected from retail poultry products in North Carolina, drawing from surveillance data accumulated by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) between 2020 and 2024.
Focus on ESBL Genes
The main objective of this research was to examine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, especially blaCTX-M-65, a marker associated with MDR Salmonella strains that are a leading cause of foodborne illness globally.
Public Health Implications
According to the authors, “The presence of blaCTX-M-65 in various serovars of Salmonella enterica, including Indiana, Typhimurium, Infantis, and Senftenberg, presents a considerable public health challenge.” This gene’s mobility via plasmids significantly enhances the transmission of resistance between diverse bacterial populations, thereby complicating treatment options in both clinical and environmental contexts.
Findings and Resistance Patterns
Among the 132 analyzed isolates representing 25 different serovars, 14 were classified as multidrug-resistant, exhibiting resistance to three or more antibiotic categories. Comprehensive WGS revealed that all these MDR strains contained the blaCTX-M-65 gene and were predominantly part of the serovars S Infantis (11 isolates), S I -:r:1,5 (2), and S Senftenberg (1), with associated sequence types ST32 and ST14. Additional resistance genes were also identified, indicating resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and quinolones.
Importance of Routine Surveillance
The findings underscore the critical need for ongoing surveillance of MDR Salmonella serovars to better understand and combat their spread. The presence of blaCTX-M-65 across various serovars implies that resistance mechanisms may circulate widely, transcending specific lineages.
A Call for Action
The study authors advocate for a multifaceted approach to counteract this escalating public health concern. They emphasize the importance of comprehensive genomic monitoring alongside responsible antibiotic use in food production. Additionally, they point to consumer education regarding safe food handling, thorough cooking, and proper hygiene practices as key components to mitigate the risk of Salmonella infections.
Source: CIDRAP
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