Recent findings from a Japan-based carbon credit firm emphasize the dual benefits of Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) in rice cultivation, showcasing its potential to generate high-quality carbon credits while boosting farmers’ profits.

Economic and Environmental Benefits of AWD

AWD has been identified as more than just an environmental solution; it offers farmers a chance to enhance their economic status. The report underscores that through this method, methane emissions can be radically reduced by an average of 49 percent. This translates to about 2.97 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per hectare in each growing season, marking a notable decrease compared to traditional flooding methods.

Additionally, many participating plots have reported substantial yield increases, with some farmers experiencing over 40 percent growth. One farmer managing approximately four hectares noted an impressive 130% increase in year-on-year income, equating to around THB 100,000 (US$3,200) each season.

The enthusiasm for AWD is palpable; 100% of the farmers involved have shown interest in continuing these practices, motivated by reduced water consumption, increased productivity, and a positive impact on the environment.

Collaboration Across Thailand

Implemented in various regions throughout Thailand, this project is a collaboration among farmers and renowned institutions, including Naresuan University, Mahidol University, and Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon.

Thailand’s Strategic Position in Carbon Credits

As one of the world’s leading rice producers and exporters, Thailand’s agricultural sector is responsible for around 18% of the country’s greenhouse gas emissions, with rice farming alone accounting for half of this figure. Therefore, addressing emissions within this sector is crucial for effective climate change mitigation.

Thailand is emerging as a significant player in the carbon credit market, supported by structured frameworks such as the Japan-Thailand Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) and bilateral collaborations with countries like Singapore and Switzerland. The Department of Climate Change and Environment has also implemented measures to cap international credit transfers at 3% of total emissions, promoting environmental integrity and fostering participation in global markets.

These conditions allow Thailand to effectively link emission reductions in its rice sector with the growing international demand for carbon credits, establishing itself as a pivotal country in Asia for sustainable agricultural practices.

Measuring Success: Accurate Carbon Reduction

The Green Carbon report emphasizes that reductions in carbon emissions have been validated using direct measurements rather than estimates. This robust methodology supports the generation of low-carbon rice and high-quality carbon credits, which are increasingly sought after in international compliance markets.

Aiming for 1 Million Tonnes by 2030

Looking ahead, Green Carbon envisions the expansion of this project across Thailand. They recommend a phased approach where individual projects cover up to 50,000 hectares, each potentially achieving annual reductions of about five tonnes of CO2 per hectare. By 2030, cumulative reductions could reach approximately one million tonnes per project.

With strategic planning and community involvement, Thailand is on a path towards a more sustainable agricultural future that not only benefits farmers economically but also contributes significantly to global climate change efforts.